Neutrinos are elementary massive particles with mixings. They change their flavor while propagating. The vacuum oscillations discovered in 1998 by the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration is a breakthrough, with an impact in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. Open questions remain including the neutrino mass, mass ordering and nature, the neutrino magnetic moment, the existence of sterile nepar VOLPE Maria Cristina - Thèses hors de l'EDPIF